Features
Forgings : MIL-T-9046, MIL-T-9047
Round : AMS 4975, AMS 4976, AMS 4956
Sheet/Plate : AMS 4919
Features
Forgings : MIL-T-9046, MIL-T-9047
Round : ASME SB-348, AMS 4928, AMS 4965, AMS 4967
Sheet/Plate : ASME SB-265, AMS 4911
Chemical Composition Limits | ||||||||||||
Weight% | C | P | Si | Ni | V | Fe | Mn | S | Cr | Mo | W | Cu |
Alloy 422 | 0.20-0.25 | 0.040 max | 0.20-0.60 | 0.50-1.0 | 0.17-0.30 | Bal | 1.0 | 0.030 max | 11.0-13.5 | 0.75-1.25 | 0.75-1.25 | 0.50 |
Alloy 422 is a hardenable stainless steel designed for use at temperatures of up to 1200ºF (649ºC). Alloy 422 has good resistance to scaling and oxidation. Through heat treatment, high mechanical properties can be developed. Alloy 422 is used in applications such as compressors or steam turbines and also in aircraft parts, valves, high temperature bolting etc.
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Element | Min | Max |
---|---|---|
C | - | 0.2 |
Mn | - | 2 |
Ni | 23 | 28 |
Cr | 19 | 23 |
S | - | 0.3 |
Mo | 4 | 5 |
N | - | 0.1 |
Cu | 1 | 2 |
P | - | 0.03 |
Si | - | 0.7 |
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Grade 630 stainless steels are martensitic stainless steels that are precipitation hardened to achieve excellent mechanical properties. These steel achieve high strength and hardness following heat treatment. The heat and corrosion resistance of grade 630 are similar to that of grade 304 steels. This grades is also commonly referred to as grade 17-4PH.
One of the key benefits of this grade is that it is available in solution treated conditions, at which they can be easily machined and age-hardened to attain high strength. The age treatment of grade 630 is carried out at low temperatures, to avoid significant distortion. Therefore, this grade is used for applications such as the manufacture of long shafts that do not require re-straightening after heat treatment.
Key PropertiesThe properties mentioned below pertain to commonly available grade 630 bar products in ASTM A564. The specifications may not be similar to other forms such as forgings and plates.
CompositionThe compositional ranges of grade 630 stainless steels are displayed below:
Table 1.Composition ranges for grade 630 stainless steels
Grade | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Ni | Cu | Nb+Ta | |
630 | min. max | - 0.07 | - 1 | - 1 | - 0.04 | - 0.030 | 15 17.5 | 3 5 | 3 5 | 0.15 0.45 |
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The two main properties of precipitation-hardened stainless steels are high corrosion resistance and high strength. Stainless steel grade 17-7 PH is a precipitation hardened stainless steel that possesses high strength and hardness, excellent fatigue properties, good formability, good corrosion resistance, and minimal distortion upon heat treatment. The properties of this alloy are well suited for aerospace applications.
Stainless steel grade 17-7 PH is suitable for use in fresh water and industrial atmospheres, and mild chemical and oxidizing environments. It is recommended that 17-7 PH should not be used in salt water or reducing environments.
The following sections will discuss in stainless steel grade 17-7 PH in further detail.
Chemical CompositionThe chemical composition of stainless steel grade 17-7 PH is outlined in the following table.
Element | Content (%) |
---|---|
Chromium, Cr | 16-18 |
Nickel, Ni | 6.50 - 7.75 |
Manganese, Mn | 1 max |
Silicon, Si | 1 max |
Aluminum, Al | 0.75 - 1.50 |
Carbon, C | 0.09 max |
Phosphorous, P | 0.040 max |
Sulfur, S | 0.030 max |
Iron, Fe | Balance |
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Additional Information:
Chemistry
Chemical Requirements | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ni | Cr | Mn | C | Si | N | S |
Max | 7.50 | 21.50 | 10.0 | 0.08 | 1.00 | 0.40 | 0.030 |
Min | 5.50 | 19.00 | 8.0 |
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| 0.15 |
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Custom 455® Stainless |
Identification | ||||
UNS Number | ||||
Type Analysis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Single figures are nominal except where noted. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Custom 465® Stainless |
Identification | ||||
U.S. Patent Number | ||||
UNS Number | ||||
DIN Number | ||||
Type Analysis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Single figures are nominal except where noted. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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General Information | ||
Description | ||
Custom 465® stainless is a premium melted, martensitic, age-hardenable alloy capable of ultimate tensile strength in excess of 250 ksi in the overaged (H 950) condition. This alloy was designed to have excellent notch tensile strength and fracture toughness in this condition. SIZE 6MM TO 200MM DIA ROUND BAR. .AVAILABLE IN STOCK. |
Additional Information:
Specifications : AMS 5510, AMS 5557, AMS 5559, AMS 5645, AMS 5689
Grades 321 and 347 are the basic austenitic 18/8 steel (Grade 304) stabilised by Titanium (321) or Niobium (347) additions. These grades are used because they are not sensitive to intergranular corrosion after heating within the carbide precipitation range of 425-850°C. Grade 321 is the grade of choice for applications in the temperature range of up to about 900°C, combining high strength, resistance to scaling and phase stability with resistance to subsequent aqueous corrosion. Grade 321H is a modification of 321 with a higher carbon content, to provide improved high temperature strength. A limitation with 321 is that titanium does not transfer well across a high temperature arc, so is not recommended as a welding consumable. In this case grade 347 is preferred - the niobium performs the same carbide stabilisation task but can be transferred across a welding arc. Grade 347 is therefore the standard consumable for welding 321. Grade 347 is only occasionally used as parent plate material. Like other austenitic grades, 321 and 347 have excellent forming and welding characteristics, are readily brake or roll formed and have outstanding welding characteristics. Post-weld annealing is not required. They also have excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures. Grade 321 does not polish well, so is not recommended for decorative applications. Grade 304L is more readily available in most product forms, and so is generally used in preference to 321 if the requirement is simply for resistance to intergranular corrosion after welding. However 304L has lower hot strength than 321 and so is not the best choice if the requirement is resistance to an operating environment over about 500°C. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key Properties | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
These properties are specified for flat rolled product (plate, sheet and coil) in ASTM A240/A240M. Similar but not necessarily identical properties are specified for other products such as pipe and bar in their respective specifications. Composition Composition ranges for 321 grade stainless steel
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Specifications : AMS 5528, ASTM A276, ASTM A473, ASTM A493, ASTM A511
Grade 431 stainless steels are martensitic, heat-treatable grades with excellent corrosion resistance, torque strength, high toughness and tensile properties. All these properties make them ideal for bolt and shaft applications. These steels, however, cannot be cold-worked owing to their high yield strength, hence they are suitable for operations such as spinning, deep drawing, bending or cold heading.
Fabrication of martensitic steels is generally carried out using techniques that allow hardening and tempering treatments and poor weldability. The corrosion resistance properties of grade 431 steels are lower than that of austenitic grades. The operations of grade 431 are limited by their loss of strength at high temperatures, due to over-tempering, and loss of ductility at negative temperatures.
Key PropertiesThe specified properties are for bar products in ASTM A276. The properties may not be necessarily similar to other forms such as forgings and plates.
CompositionTable 1. Composition ranges of grade 431 stainless steels
Grade | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Ni | |
431 | min. max. | - 0.20 | - 1 | - 1 | - 0.04 | - 0.03 | 15 17 | 1.25 2.50 |
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Specifications : AMS 5546, AMS 5548, AMS 5554, AMS 5745, ASTM A579 Gr
Stainless steels are high-alloy steels. They contain about 4-30% of chromium. They are further classified into three types such as martensitic, austenitic, and ferritic steels. Another group of stainless steels are precipitation-hardened steels. They are a combination of austenitic and martensitic steels.
Grade 350 stainless steel alloy is a heat treatable austenitic/martensitic alloy. The following datasheet gives an overview of grade 350 stainless steel alloy.
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Chemical CompositionThe following table shows the chemical composition of grade 350 stainless steel alloy.
Element | Content (%) |
---|---|
Iron, Fe | 72.69 - 76.29 |
Chromium, Cr | 16-17 |
Nickel, Ni | 4 - 5 |
Molybdenum, Mo | 2.5-3.25 |
Manganese, Mn | 0.5-1.25 |
Silicon, Si | 0.5 |
Nitrogen, N | 0.07-0.13 |
Carbon, C | 0.07-0.11 |
Phosphorus, P | 0.04 |
Sulfur, S | 0.03 |
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Specifications : ASTM A167, ASTM A182, ASTM A213, ASTM A249, ASTM A2
Grade 310, combining excellent high temperature properties with good ductility and weldability, is designed for high temperature service. It resists oxidation in continuous service at temperatures up to 1150°C provided reducing sulphur gases are not present. It is also used for intermittent service at temperatures up to 1040°C. Grade 310S (UNS S31008) is used when the application environment involves moist corrodents in a temperature range lower than that which is normally considered "high temperature" service. The lower carbon content of 310S does reduce its high temperature strength compared to 310. Like other austenitic grades these have excellent toughness, even down to cryogenic temperatures, although other grades are normally used in this environment. Grade 310L (and proprietary versions of this grade), is a 0.03% maximum carbon version of 310, sometimes used for very specific corrosive environments, such as urea production. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key Properties | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
These properties are specified for flat rolled product (plate, sheet and coil) in ASTM A240/A240M. Similar but not necessarily identical properties are specified SIZE 6MM TO 200MM DIA ROUND BAR. SIZE 0.5MM TO 6MM DIA WIRE. .AVAILABLE IN STOCK. CompositionTypical compositional ranges for grade 310 stainless steels are given in table 1. Table 1. Composition ranges for 310 grade stainless steel
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Additional Information:
Stainless Steel 15-7 Mo*Stainless Steel 15-7 Mo is a semi-austenitic stainless steel high corrosion resistance, high strength and minimum distortion on heat treatment. Stainless Steel 15-7 Mo is easily formed by heat treatment.
Chemistry Data : [top]
Aluminum | 0.75 - 1.5 | |
Carbon | 0.09 max | |
Chromium | 14 - 16 | |
Iron | Balance | |
Manganese | 1 max | |
Molybdenum | 2 - 3 | |
Nickel | 6.5 - 7.75 | |
Phosphorus | 0.04 max | |
Silicon | 1 max | |
Sulphur | 0.03 max |
Principal Design Features | This alloy is a semi-austenitic precipitation hardening stainless steel. It combines moderate corrosion resistance with high strength and hardness at operating temperatures up to 900 F. | |
Applications | Retaining rings, springs, diaphragms, aircraft bulkheads, welded and brazed honeycomb panels and other uses requiring high strength at elevated temperatures. | |
Machinability | Tough and gummy, this alloy responds best to machining in the hardened conditions. Chip breakers are suggested. | |
Welding | Readily welded by most of the common arc and resistance methods. Preheating and post weld annealing is not required in this alloy. Avoid inert gas shielding to prevent oxidation of aluminum. | |
Heat Treatment | CONDITION C - Results from heavy cold working of solution treated material. CONDITION CH900- Heat Condition C material to 900 F(482 C), hold for 1 hour, air cool. CONDITION A1750- After fabrication heat solution treated material to 1750 F(955 C), hold for 10 minutes, cool rapidly to room temperature. CONDITION R100- Within 1 hour of treating to Condition A1750, cool to -100 F(-73 C) and hold for 8 hours. Air warm to room temperature. CONDITION RH 950- From Condition R100 material, heat to 950 F( 510 C), hold for 1 hour, air cool. CONDITION T- After fabrication, heat to 1400 F (760 C) and hold for 90 minutes. Within 60 minutes, cool to 55 F (13 C), and hold for 1/2 hour. CONDITION TH1050- From Condition T, heat to 1050 F (565 C) and hold for 90 minutes, air cool |
Additional Information:
Chemical Composition Limits | |||||||||||
Weight% | C | P | Si | Ni | Al | Fe | Mn | S | Cr | Mo | N |
13-8 Mo | 0.05 max | 0.010 max | 0.10 max | 7.5-8.5 | 0.90-1.35 | Bal | 0.10 max | 0.008 max | 12.25-13.25 | 2.0-2.5 | 0.01 max |
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Grade 440C stainless steels are high carbon steels, which attain the highest hardness, wear resistance and strength of all stainless steel grades after heat treatment. These properties make this grade suitable for applications such as valve components and ball bearings. Grade 440A and 440B stainless steels, on the other hand, have similar properties - except for a slightly lower percentage of carbon in grade 440A.
All three forms of grade 440 steels are commonly used. However, grade 440C is more readily available than the other standard grades. Grade 440F, a free-machining type of grade 440 series, is also available with a high carbon content similar to that of grade 440C. Martensitic steel grades are high-hardness steels, usually fabricated using techniques that require hardening and tempering treatments.
These grades have a corrosion resistance lower than that of other austenitic grades. The applications of martensitic steels are limited by the loss of strength caused by over-tempering at high temperatures, and loss of ductility at temperatures below zero.
Key PropertiesThe following section discusses the properties of grade 440 bar products covered under ASTM A276. These values may not be similar to that of other forms such as forgings and plates.
CompositionThe chemical compositions of various elements of grade 440 stainless steels are tabulated below:
Table 1.Chemical composition ranges of grade 440 stainless steels
Grade | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Mo | Ni | N | |
440A | min. max. | 0.6 0.75 | - 1 | - 1 | - 0.04 | - 0.03 | 16 18 | - 0.75 | - | - |
440B | min. max. | 0.75 0.95 | - 1 | - 1 | - 0.04 | - 0.03 | 16 18 | - 0.75 | - | - |
440C | min. max. | 0.95 1.20 | - 1 | - 1 | - 0.04 | - 0.03 | 16 18 | - 0.75 | - | - |
Additional Information:
Stainless steels are high-alloy steels with good corrosion resistance because of large amounts of chromium present in them. About 10% of chromium is present in most stainless steels.
Stainless steels are available in three different groups based on their crystalline structure. These groups include martensitic, austenitic and ferritic. The combination of martensitic and ferritic steels forms a fourth group of stainless steels known as precipitation-hardened steels.
Grade 440B stainless steel is a high carbon martensitic stainless steel containing good strength, moderate corrosion resistance and ability to obtain and maintain wear resistance and excellent resistance.
The following datasheet provides an overview of grade 440B stainless steel.
Chemical CompositionThe chemical composition of grade 440B stainless steel is outlined in the following table.
Element | Content (%) |
---|---|
Iron, Fe | 80 |
Chromium, Cr | 16.0-18.0 |
Manganese, Mn | 1.0 |
Silicon, Si | 1.0 |
Carbon, C | 0.75-0.95 |
Molybdenum, Mo | 0.75 |
Phosphorous, P | 0.040 |
Sulfur, S | 0.030 |
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Chemical Composition Limits | |||||||||
Weight% | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni | Mo | N |
Duplex F51 | 0.03 max | 2.0 max | 0.03 max | 0.02 max | 1 max | 21-23 | 4.5-6.5 | 2.5-3.5 | 0.80-0.20 |
Additional Information:
Additional Information:
Super Duplex Alloy UNS S32760 (F55 / 1.4501) has excellent corrosion resistance to a wide variety of media, with outstanding resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion in seawater and other chloride containing environments, with Critical Pitting Temperature exceeding 50°C.
Providing higher strength than both austenitic and 22% Cr Duples Stainless Steels UNS S32760 (F55) is suited to a variety of applications in industries such as Chemical Processing, Oil & Gas, and Marine environments.
Chemical Composition Limits | ||||||||||
Weight% | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | W |
Super Duplex F55 | 0.03 max | 1.00 max | 0.03 max | 0.01 max | 1 max | 24-26 | 4.5-6.5 | 3-4 | 0.25 | 0.08-0.20 |
Additional Information:
Specifications : ASTM A167, ASTM A182, ASTM A213, ASTM A240, ASTM A24
Specifications : AMS 5547, AMS 5549, AMS 5743, AMS 5744, ASTM A564 Gr
Specifications : AMS 5629, ASTM A564 XM-13, ASTM A693 XM-13, ASTM A70
Specifications : AMS 5763, AMS 5773, AMS 5859, AMS 5863, ASTM A564 XM
Custom 450® stainless is a martensitic age-hardenable stainless steel which exhibits very good corrosion resistance with moderate strength. Although the alloy a yield strength higher than 100 Ksi (689 MPa) in the annealed condition, it is easily fabricated. A single-step aging treatment develops higher strength with good ductility and toughness. Generally supplied in the annealed condition, requiring no heat treatment by the user for many applications. Because it has corrosion resistance like Type 304 stainless but three times the yield strength, it has been used in applications where Type 304 was not strong enough. On the other hand, it has also replaced Type 410 stainless directly on a strength basis where Type 410 had insufficient corrosion resistance. Mechanical properties will depend on the aging temperature selected. *
* Information supplied by Carpenter Technology Corp
Chemistry TypicalCarbon: 0.05 max
Manganese: 1.00 max
Phosphorus: 0.030 max
Sulfur: 0.030 max
Silicon: 1.00 max
Chromium: 14.00-16.00
Nickel: 5.00-7.00
Molybdenum: 0.50-1.00
Copper: 1.25-1.75
Columbium: 8 x Carbon min
Iron: Balance
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Specifications : ASTM A167, ASTM A249, ASTM A276, ASTM A312, ASTM A40
Stainless steels are high-alloy steels which have higher corrosion resistance compared to other steels due to the presence of large amounts of chromium. Based on their crystalline structure, they are further divided into ferritic, austenitic, and martensitic steels.
Grade 309 stainless steel has high corrosion resistance and strength compared to 304 stainless steel. The following datasheet gives an overview of grade 309 stainless steel.
Chemical CompositionThe following table shows the chemical composition of grade 309 stainless steel.
Element | Content (%) |
---|---|
Iron, Fe | 60 |
Chromium, Cr | 23 |
Nickel, Ni | 14 |
Manganese, Mn | 2 |
Silicon, Si | 1 |
Carbon, C | 0.20 |
Phosphorous, P | 0.045 |
Sulfur, S | 0.030 |
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